Momwe mungasankhire zotayidwa zoyenera kupanga zotchinga zotayidwa?
Pakadali pano, zida za aluminiyamu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamsika kuyambira 1 mpaka 8 mndandanda. Zoposa 90% yazinthu zopangidwa ndi zotayidwa zimapangidwa ndi ma alloys 6 amitundu. Mitundu ina iwiri, mndandanda wa 5 ndi ma alloys 8 amangotulutsidwa ochepa.
1XXX amatanthauza zopitilira 99% za aluminiyamu yoyera, monga 1050, 1100, 1 mndandanda wa aluminiyamu imakhala ndi pulasitiki wabwino, chithandizo chapamwamba pamatope, komanso dzimbiri labwino kwambiri pakati pazitsulo za aluminium. Mphamvu zake ndizotsika, ndipo zotayidwa zamndandanda wa 1 ndizofewa, makamaka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazokongoletsa kapena mkati.
2XXX amatanthauza zotengera za aluminium-copper alloy. Mwachitsanzo, 2014, imadziwika ndi kuuma kwakukulu koma kukana kutentha kwa dzimbiri. Pakati pawo, mkuwa uli ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri. Mitengo ya 2000 ya aluminiyamu ndi zida zopangira ndege ndipo sizigwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale wamba. .
3XXX amatanthauza aluminiyamu-manganese alloy angapo, monga ndodo za 3003 ndi 3000 zama aluminiyamu makamaka amapangidwa ndi manganese, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati akasinja, akasinja, zida zomangira, zida zomangira, ndi zina zambiri.
4XXX amatanthauza zotayidwa-pakachitsulo aloyi mndandanda, monga 4032, 4 mndandanda zotayidwa ndi za zomangamanga, mbali makina, kulipira zipangizo, zipangizo kuwotcherera; malo otsika osungunuka, kutentha kwa dzimbiri, kukana kutentha ndi kuvala.
5XXX amatanthauza mndandanda wa aluminium-magnesium alloy. Mwachitsanzo, ndodo za aluminiyamu za 5052 zimakhala zamagulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi aloyi. Chofunika kwambiri ndi magnesium. Omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pama foni am'manja ndi 5052, omwe ndi aloyi oyimira kwambiri okhala ndi mphamvu yapakatikati ndi kukana dzimbiri, kuwotcherera ndi mawonekedwe ake ndiabwino, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito njira zopangira, osayenera kupanga extrusion.
6XXX imanena za aluminiyamu-magnesium-silicon alloy series, monga 6061 t5 kapena t6, 6063, omwe ndi alloys osagwira dzimbiri a aluminiyamu okhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu komanso kukana dzimbiri, ndipo ndioyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndizofunikira kwambiri pakukaniza dzimbiri ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni. Workability wabwino, coating kuyanika zosavuta ndi processability wabwino.
7XXX imayimira aluminium-zinc alloy series, monga 7001, yomwe imakhala ndi zinc. 7000 series aluminium alloy imayimira 7075. Ilinso ndi yamagulu owonera ndege. Ndi aloyi ya aluminium-magnesium-zinc-copper komanso alloy yotentha. Ndi aloyi yolimba kwambiri ya aluminiyamu yokhala ndi kukana kwabwino.
8XXX imawonetsa dongosolo la aloyi kupatula pamwambapa. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ma 8000 mndandanda wa aluminium alloy ndi 8011, womwe ndi mndandanda wina. Zambiri mwazogwiritsa ntchito ndi zojambulazo za aluminium, ndipo sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ndodo za aluminium.
Pokhapokha ngati titasankha zotayidwa ndi pomwe titha kupanga zinthu zabwino kwambiri.
Zotsatirazi zikuwunika kwambiri mawonekedwe 6 amtundu wa aluminium alloy:
Mbiri 6 zotayidwa aloyi makamaka ndi magnesium ndi silicon. Series 6 aluminium pakali pano ndi aloyi yemwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Mwa zida 6 zotayidwa, 6063 ndi 6061 ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, pomwe zina 6082, 6160 ndi 6463 zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zochepa. 6061 ndi 6063 amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pama foni am'manja. Pakati pawo, 6061 ili ndi mphamvu zoposa 6063. Kuponyera kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira nyumba zovuta kwambiri ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati magawo okhala ndi zomangira.
Makhalidwe:
6 mndandanda wa aluminiyamu imakhala ndi mphamvu yapakatikati, kukana bwino kutu, magwiridwe antchito ndi magwiridwe antchito (osavuta kuchotsedwa), komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino ndi mitundu ya utoto.
Ntchito zosiyanasiyana:
zida zogwiritsa ntchito magetsi (monga: zonyamula katundu wamagalimoto, zitseko, mawindo, matupi amgalimoto, zokuzira moto, ndi zipolopolo zamabokosi).
