+ Kutentha + mkuwa
Chikhomo cha dzina lamatchulidwe azithunzi zazitsulo zachitsulo ndi zolemba ndi chitsulo sizomwezo pamwamba pake, komanso m'njira yolumikizira.Ikhoza kusungidwa mu gawo loyambirira la ndege, mawuwo ndi mawuwo adzakhazikika m'dera la concave kunja kwa lembalo zolemba, zotchedwa yangwen etching; Komanso imatha kusunga gawo loyambirira, kuti zolembedwazo zilembedwe mu concave, yotchedwa Yin etching.
Masamba okhala ndi dzina okhala ndi chithunzi chokhazikika komanso zolemba, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zikwangwani zamagetsi komanso kugwiritsa ntchito malo ovuta ndipo zimayenera kupangidwira zikwangwani zokhazikika.
Electroforming ndi chimodzimodzi ndi electroplating.Electroplating ndi ukadaulo wowerengera chitetezo cha zokutira komanso zokutira zitsulo pazogwirira ntchito, pomwe ma electrocast ndiukadaulo wowerengera kubalana kwazitsulo zazitsulo ndi ma elekitirodi. wosanjikiza ndi masanjidwewo, pomwe ma electroplating amayembekeza kuti chitsulo chosanjikiza chitha kusiyanitsidwa ndi matrix. Chitsulo chosanjikizika chachitsulo chimakhala cholimba kwambiri kuposa chosanjikiza cha electrodeposited ndipo chimachotsedwa kwathunthu pamatrix amtundu wa kholo kuti mupeze zomwe mukufuna .